Raw wastewater can contain organisms that cause a number of diseases in humans, such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, polio, and meningitis. Treatment of wastewater, both aerobic and anaerobic, can reduce the number of potential disease-causing organisms; however, an additional disinfection method to ensure the deactivation or destruction of such organisms is often required when there is an increased risk of public exposure to the treated wastewater. It is especially important if reuse of the wastewater is desired. This talk will present the two most common disinfection methods, chlorine and ultraviolet, in detail; explain how they work; explain how a ‘dose’ is calculated; and relay operation and maintenance activities that are necessary for proper operation. Ozone and peracetic acid are less common disinfectants, but will be introduced. The concept of ‘log reduction values,’ used as a concept for managing microbiological risks, will be presented along with the proposed NSF 385 standard for disinfecting products.
After this session, attendees will be able to:
1. Explain why disinfection is important in the protection of public health and name two diseases that are transmitted through wastewater.
2. Identify the two (2) most common types of disinfection methods for onsite wastewater systems.
3. Discuss the fundamentals of ‘Log Reduction Values’ in describing disinfection efficiency.
4. For each disinfection method, describe how the method works and how ‘dose’ is calculated.
5. For each disinfection method, discuss the key O&M practices needed to ensure continued operation of the disinfection method.
Ideal Audience: Designers, operators, and installers.
Level: Basic to intermediate